New Delhi, Apr 17 – According to a recent report by the United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA), India’s population has surged to an estimated 1.44 billion, with 24% falling within the 0-14 age group.
The report, titled “Interwoven Lives, Threads of Hope: Ending Inequalities in Sexual and Reproductive Health and Rights,” highlights that India’s population is projected to double in 77 years, leading globally in population figures with 144.17 crore people, followed closely by China at 142.5 crore.
Comparing to the last census conducted in 2011, where India’s population was recorded at 121 crore, the report underscores a significant demographic shift.
The report further delineates the age distribution within India, indicating that 24% of the population belongs to the 0-14 age group, with an additional 17% falling within the 10-19 age bracket. Moreover, individuals aged 10-24 constitute 26%, while those in the 15-64 age group make up 68%. Additionally, 7% of India’s populace is aged 65 years and above, with men having a life expectancy of 71 years and women 74 years.
Despite progress in sexual and reproductive health over the past three decades, particularly in maternal health services, the report highlights persistent disparities, particularly among marginalized communities. For instance, child marriage rates in India remained at 23% between 2006-2023, while maternal deaths have decreased but still account for 8% of global maternal fatalities.
The report underscores the need for continued efforts to address gender-based violence and inequities in healthcare access, particularly among vulnerable groups such as women with disabilities, migrants, refugees, ethnic minorities, LGBTQIA+ individuals, and disadvantaged castes.
In the context of India, the report sheds light on challenges faced by Dalit women, advocating for legal protections against caste-based discrimination in various spheres. It also emphasizes the need for comprehensive measures to address persisting disparities in sexual and reproductive health and rights, as evidenced by stagnant rates of unintended pregnancies, maternal deaths, and limited bodily autonomy for women.
UNFPA Executive Director Dr. Natalia Kanem underscores the importance of sustained investment and global solidarity to address existing inequalities and ensure progress in sexual and reproductive health outcomes. Despite notable achievements, she asserts that much work remains to be done to reach those furthest behind and achieve comprehensive gender equality and healthcare access.
